Abstract: Xi'an is a world-famous historical and cultural city, as well as the national base of defense industry and high-tech industry. In recent years, with China's grand development of the western region, the construction of the national central city and the international comprehensive transportation hub, and the establishment of international metropolis with historical and cultural features, Xi'an has met huge development opportunities and has expanded its urban areas rapidly. Located in the central part of the Guanzhong Plain, however, Xi'an is faced numerous geological environmental problems as strong structural movement, diverse ecological landscapes, and various strata and landforms, etc. To follow a sustainable way of development, four aspects are required. Firstly, intensively allocate resources and provide sustainable resources for urban development. Secondly, enhance environmental pollution control and provide a good ecological environment for urban development. Thirdly, focus on the exploitation of underground space to create more space for urban development. Lastly, develop deeply the tourism resources and enhance the attractiveness of the city.